Abstract:
Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and contaminate various agricultural
commodities either before harvest or under post-harvest conditions. Acute aflatoxin poisoning leading to casepatients
and deaths has continued to occur in several parts of Kenya. However, there is emerging evidence
mplicating chronic aflatoxins exposure as an important factor in infant growth stunting and immune
suppression. The consumption of smaller dosages overtime produces no obvious symptoms as would happen
with acute dosage. Thus, it has not attracted much attention in Kenya in terms of public health priorities.
Aflatoxins have been detected mainly in the staple foods such as cereals and legumes commodities, which form
he main gruel ingredients used to compose weaning foods in most rural households. This suggests that
children may be more exposed to mycotoxins than the rest of the population and this could be the reason for
ncreased cases of infant malnutrition and mortality in certain areas in Kenya. The extent to which stunted
growth and immune suppression contribute to the overall burden of infectious disease merits consideration.
Therefore, this paper discusses dietary chronic mycotoxins exposure in Kenya and emerging public health
concerns of stunted growth and immune suppression as reported in various related animal and human studies. It
also highlights several factors that may enhance the dietary mycotoxins exposure especially amongst children
and further explores various localized control measures and research areas within the context of food scarcity
and extreme poverty experienced in rural Kenya. This paper aims at reinforcing that presence of mycotoxins
within the food system should be addressed as an urgent food safety issue as they place a significant hindrance
owards the attainment of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 and 6 on reduction of child mortality
and combating of diseases, respectively.
