Abstract:
Background: A need exists for a theory-based framework that is useful to strengthen postnatal care. Though
mHealth communication is proposed to support health care, there is no framework for postnatal care. This paper
describes development and validation of an mHealth communication framework for postnatal care in rural
Kenya.
Methods: The framework was developed through a multi-methods research design, underpinned by the theory of
change logic model. Prior to framework development, two separate studies, were carried out, in addition to a
literature review. The framework was developed in two stages. In the first stage, theory of change logic model
was used to integrate the results of the first two studies and the literature review, to develop a draft framework.
In the second stage, stakeholders’ input was integrated into the draft framework, thereby validating the final
mHealth communication framework.
Results: An mHealth communication framework was developed articulating the elements needed for planning
and designing an mHealth communication initiative in rural areas, to strengthen postnatal care. The elements
consisted of the problem to be addressed, community needs, desired results, influential factors, strategies, and
assumptions.
Conclusion: By using the theory of change logic model, various elements were linked to demonstrate how an
mHealth communication framework can work to strengthen postnatal care in rural Kenya. The framework
incorporated the best available evidence, the community’s needs, and stakeholders’ input, therefore, the authors
recommend implementing the framework to support the desired outcomes and contribute to lowering maternal
and neonatal mortalities, especially in rural areas.
